Hano haribisabwa byikoranabuhanga muburyo butandukanye bwa transformateur, bishobora kugaragazwa nibipimo bya tekiniki bijyanye.Kurugero, ibyingenzi byingenzi bya tekinike ya transformateur yingufu zirimo: ingufu zapimwe, igipimo cya voltage nigipimo cya voltage, inshuro zagenwe, igipimo cyubushyuhe bwakazi, izamuka ryubushyuhe, igipimo cyumubyigano, imikorere yimikorere hamwe nubushyuhe.Kuri rusange impinduka nke-zihindura, ibipimo byingenzi bya tekiniki ni: igipimo cyo guhinduka, ibiranga inshuro, kugoreka kutari kumurongo, gukingira magnetiki no gukingira amashanyarazi, gukora neza, nibindi.
Ibipimo nyamukuru bya transformateur harimo igipimo cya voltage, ibiranga inshuro, imbaraga zapimwe neza.
（1）Umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi
Isano iri hagati yikigereranyo cya voltage n ya transformateur nu guhinduranya na voltage ya primaire na secondaire ihindagurika niyi ikurikira: n = V1 / V2 = N1 / N2 aho N1 aribwo buryo bwambere (primaire) bwihinduranya, N2 ni the icyiciro cya kabiri (icya kabiri) kizunguruka, V1 ni voltage kumpande zombi zumuyaga wibanze, na V2 ni voltage kumpande zombi zuzunguruka.Umubare wa voltage n ya intambwe yo hejuru ya transfert iri munsi ya 1, igipimo cya voltage n ya transfert yamanutse irenze 1, naho igipimo cya voltage ya transformateur yitaruye kingana na 1.
（2）Ikigereranyo cyimbaraga P Iyi parameter isanzwe ikoreshwa kubihindura imbaraga.Yerekeza ku bisohoka imbaraga iyo transformateur ishobora gukora igihe kirekire itarenze ubushyuhe bwagenwe munsi yumurimo wateganijwe na voltage.Imbaraga zapimwe za transformateur zifitanye isano nigice cyicyuma cyicyuma, diametre yinsinga zashizwemo, nibindi.
（3）Ibiranga inshuro biranga Frequency iranga bivuga ko transformateur ifite urwego runaka rukora, kandi impinduka zifite intera ikora ntishobora guhinduka.Iyo transformateur ikora kurenza intera yayo, ubushyuhe buzamuka cyangwa transformateur ntizikora bisanzwe.
（4）Gukora neza bivuga igipimo cyimbaraga zisohoka nimbaraga zinjiza za transformateur ku mutwaro wagenwe.Agaciro kagereranijwe nimbaraga zisohoka za transformateur, ni ukuvuga, uko imbaraga zisohoka za transformateur, niko gukora neza;Gutoya gusohora imbaraga za transformateur, niko gukora neza.Agaciro keza ka transformateur muri rusange kari hagati ya 60% na 100%.
Ku mbaraga zagenwe, igipimo cyimbaraga zisohoka nimbaraga zinjiza za transformateur bita imikorere ya transformateur, aribyo
η= x100%
Ahoη Nibikorwa bya transformateur;P1 nimbaraga zo kwinjiza naho P2 nimbaraga zisohoka.
Iyo ibisohoka imbaraga P2 ya transformateur ihwanye nimbaraga zinjiza P1, imikorereη Bingana na 100%, transformateur ntabwo izatanga igihombo.Ariko mubyukuri, nta transformateur nkiyi.Iyo transformateur yohereza ingufu z'amashanyarazi, burigihe itanga igihombo, kirimo ahanini gutakaza umuringa no gutakaza fer.
Gutakaza umuringa bivuga igihombo cyatewe no kurwanya coil ya transformateur.Iyo amashanyarazi ashyushye binyuze mukurwanya coil, igice cyingufu zamashanyarazi kizahinduka ingufu zubushyuhe kandi kibuze.Nkuko igiceri gikomeretsa insinga z'umuringa, byitwa gutakaza umuringa.
Gutakaza ibyuma bya transformateur birimo ibintu bibiri.Imwe muriyo ni igihombo cya hystereze.Iyo amashanyarazi ya AC anyuze muri transformateur, icyerekezo nubunini bwumurongo wa magnetiki yingufu zinyura mumpapuro zicyuma cya silicon ya transformateur bizahinduka bikwiranye, bigatuma molekile ziri mumpapuro zicyuma cya silikoni zisunikana kandi zirekura ingufu zubushyuhe, gutakaza igice cyingufu zamashanyarazi, aribyo gutakaza hystereze.Ibindi ni eddy igihombo cyubu, iyo transformateur ikora.Hariho umurongo wa rukuruzi wimbaraga zinyura mubyuma byicyuma, kandi umuyaga uterwa uzabyara indege perpendicular kumurongo wumurongo wingufu.Kubera ko ubu bugezweho bugira uruzitiro rufunze kandi ruzenguruka muburyo bwumuyaga, byitwa eddy current.Kubaho kwa eddy ituma ibyuma byuma bishyuha kandi bigakoresha ingufu, aribyo bita igihombo cya eddy.
Imikorere ya transformateur ifitanye isano rya hafi nurwego rwimbaraga za transformateur.Mubisanzwe, uko imbaraga nini nini, niko gutakaza no gusohora imbaraga ari, kandi nubushobozi buri hejuru.Ibinyuranye, imbaraga nkeya, niko gukora neza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-07-2022
